Fluid pressure actuated motor



March 23, 1948.

l. J. SNA DER ET AL FLUID PRESSURE ACTUATED MOTOR Original Filed May 29, 1940 2 Shets-Sheet 1 jizxezzfor's a J Gnader flks eyferik March 23, 1948. 1. J. SNADER ET AL 2,438,463

FLUID PRESSURE ACTUATED MOTOR Original Filed May 29, 1940 r 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 K II. III

, 25' garold flZSgyferih jflorrae s.

Patented Mar. 23, 1948 FLUID .PRESSURE ACTUA'EED -MQTQ.R

Ira J. Snader, Detroit, and Harold' N. Scyterth, East Detroit, Mich, assignors to log-Genet)- Core poration, Michigan Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Original application May 29, 1940, Serial No. 337,826, How Patent No. 2,350,372, dated June 6, 1944. Divided and this application June .9,

1943, Serial No. 490,150

11 Claims- 1 The invention relates to fluid pressure actuated motors and. more particularly to motors of the piston and cylinder type especially well adapted for use in connection with machine tool elements, for example with such feed mechanisms for machine tools as that disclosed in our copending application Ser. No, 337,826 filed May 29, 1940 (now Patent No. 23,511,372) of which the present application is a division.

A general object of the invention is to provide a pressure fluid actuated motor embodying novel means for adjusting the operative movements thereof.

An object of the invention is to provide in a piston and cylinder type of pressure actuated motor novel means for varying the length of piston stroke with respect to, a fixed or constant point within the range of piston movement.

More particularly stated another object is to provide in a motor of this time new and improved adjusting means which includes an abutment adjustable normally of the path of piston movement and variably eng-ageable with the piston intermediate its ends in the movement thereof to limit the extent of piston travel equally or by predetermined amounts in each direction from the abutment.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent in the following description and from the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan View partly in section of a fluid pressure actuated motor embodying the features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view of the motor with certain parts thereof in vertical longitudinal cross section.

Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional View throu h the, mo or and is ken al ng the lines 33 of igs. 1 and 5.

e is a eft-hand elevationnl w oi the motor as seen in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an elevational view on a reduced scale f th fr t o tion of a machine apron or base with which the motor maybe associated.

While the invention is susceptible .of various modifications and alternative constructions, we h e shown i t e d awings and will here n describe in detail the preferred embodiment, but it is to be understood that W o o thereby intend to limit the invention to the specific f rm disclosed, ut intend to em era m d ca ion and alternative constructions falling within the s rit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

The present invention .will, for illustrative purposes be discussed as being a fluid pressure actuated motor for driving a machine tool element. In the drawings, therefore, the numeral 20 designates a portion of the base or apron of a machine tool on which the motor is mounted and a shaft 2| represents a power take-01f from the motor for connection with the machine tool element (not shown). By way of example, howe e this element. may be a eed s rew ct t from the shaft 2.! through the combination of elements described and claimed n our parent ppl cation af r sa d,

The shaft 2]. 15V adapted to be rocked or oscillated from a piston 22 in the fluid pressure actuated motor by such a driving connection as a gear 23- on the shaft 2| engaged with a rack 24 on an intermediate portion of the piston.

In structures which embody elements driven by fluid pressure motors it may be desirable to drive the element through a complete cycle by the movement of the piston in each direction or through each half of its reciprocatory cycle. It may also be desirable to produce identical movements of the element by each stroke of the piston while variably adjusting the extent of such movements. Fluid pressure actuated motors embodying the present invention enable identical movements of the driven machine element to be produced by each movement of the piston and in all operative variations of such piston movement.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, the motor may be suitably supported, if mounted on a machine tool, by a shelf 25 extending horizontally from the inner face of the apron to which a motor housing '26. may be secured as by screws 11. Extending through a central .portion of the o sing is a bore 28 having its pp s te ends closed y pl tes 9 (Fig- 2 The end portions of the bore io m cylinders for the pposit e d oi the reci rocable piston In h upper face of the h usin i a c s 3,0 of substantial size extending transversely of the housing in a direction normal to the bore 28. Grooves (h s. 2) in. the upper marg s of the ecess 30 and cooperating si s rip 32 secured;

' the triangular abutment.

end of the shaft and a nut and washer assembly 36 at the other end. 7

Means for adjusting the piston stroke is provided, which in the presentinstance .is arranged to vary equally the permissible movement of the piston 22 in either direction from a fixed and constant point midway of its movement. Thus, the block 34 has on its lower face an abutment 31 of varying widths and preferably formed as,

The abutment is disposed an isosceles triangle. with its apex 38 entering a slot 39 formed between the ends of the upper portion of the piston. 22 and with the apex of the abutment located on themid-point of the travel of the piston. Shoulders 40 provided by the end walls of the slot 39 are angular with'respect to the axis of the piston and a line normal thereto and preferably complement the angles of the opposing faces of the, abutment. 1 7

Means is provided for adjusting the position of the abutment normally of the piston.' Herein this rneans is a shaft 4| mounted for rotational but non-axial movement in a fixed part as by being journaled, as shown in Fig. 3, in a bore 42 in the apron I!) and held against relative axial movement by a collar 43 and a hand wheel 44 keyed, as at 45a, to the outer end of the shaft. The inner end of the shaft 4| is screw threaded for'engagement with the block 35 whereby the operators manipulation of the wheel 44 will ad just the position of the triangular abutment 3? with reference to the piston slot 38.

The end limitsof the travel of th'e piston are, therefore, adjustable with respect to a fixed'point located between the ends of the piston and the piston will travel equal distances beyond either side of such mid-point as designated in themstant structure by the apex of the triangular abutment. The length of the piston stroke may be adjusted by infinitesimal increments between a condition of full stroke, in which the triangular abutment is withdrawn to such position that it will not be engaged by the shoulders 40 on the piston,- and a condition of no stroke in which in environments where adjustment of the stroke with reference to an end or limit of its travel would be unsatisfactory. An example of the use of our motor is in connection with the feed mechanism of a machine tool as described in the parent case aboveidentified.

We claim as our invention: 7

' 1. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, thecombinationof a hydraulic cylinder having a piston slidable therein, means for connecting the ends of said cylinder with a source of pressure fluid for moving said piston in opposite directions, and means for varyingthe extent of movement of said piston including longitudinally spaced shoulders on said piston, an angular abutment adjustably positioned between said shoulders and adapted for alternate engagement at opposite sides by said shouldersupon movement of said piston respectively in. opposite directions, and means for shifting said abutment normally of said piston. V

2. In a pressure fluid actuatedmotor, in combination, a hydraulic cylinder having a .piston of fixed length slidable therein, said cylinder having means for establishing the connection of its ends with reversible pressure fluid lines, and a single adjustable stop element adjustably coacting with said piston for varying the. extent of movement of said piston in opposite directions with respect to a mid-point of such movement fixed for all variations thereof.

3. A pressure fluid actuated motor havingfin combination, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable.

therein, means for admitting pressure fluid alter,- nately to the opposite ends of said cylinder; a; longitudinal series of gear teeth along one side of said piston'for connection with an element to be driven, said piston having in another side arecess providing longitudinally spaced opposed shoulders angularly related to the axis of said piston and to a line normal thereto, an abutment movable substantially normally. of said piston and having side faces angularly related to the-line of such normal movement for engagement with said shoulders, said shoulders having an angularity complementary to that of said faces,;and-

the abutment is fully inserted into the slot and through engagement with both shoulders prevents movement of the piston.

Means, may be provided for indicating to the operator the setting of the abutment with respect to the piston slot so that a stroke ofany'length and, consequently, any increment of movement 7 The end plates 29,clos ing the bore 28, are each tapped to connect respectively with fluid conduits The bracket carries an elongated rod Al means for so moving said' abutment. V

4. A pressure fluid actuated motor having,. in combination, a motor body having a cylinder bore therein, an elongated piston reciprocable insaid cylinder bore, means for conducting pressure fluid to opposite ends of said cylinder bore, said' body having openings therein extending nor:

mally to and intersecting said cylinder bore'on opposite sides thereof intermediate its ends, a

rotatable'shaft in one of said openings, means for drivingly connecting saidfpistonand shaft, a member slidably mounted in the other ofsaid openings, means for adjustably moving said. member, said pistonhaving a recess therein in-.' .termediate itsends, means carried by said member extending into said recess, said last-men-I tioned means having surfaces thereon angular with respect -to theflineof movement 'of said. member; and shoulders on said piston complemental to said surfaces anddefi'ning the'ends' oflsaid recess for engagement with said surfaces. tolimit the stroke of said piston.

5.In a pressure fluid actuated motor, the com-7 bination of a hydraulic cylinder having an elongated double-acting piston of fixed length slidable therein, means for connecting said cylinder with a source of pressure fluid for efiecting reciprocation of said piston, and a single adjustable abutment element engageable with the exterior of said piston between its opposite ends for variably limiting the extent of movement of said piston invariably to equal distances in either direction from a point substantially equidistant from the ends of said cylinder.

6. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, the combination of a hydraulic cylinder having a reciprocable piston therein, and adjustable wedge means with opposite inclined abutment surfaces engageable with said piston respectively upon movement of said piston in opposite directions to variably limit the stroke thereof equally and op positely with respect to a fixed point intermediate the ends of such movement.

'7. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, the combination of a hydraulic cylinder having an elongated piston reciprocable therein, longitudinally spaced shoulders on said piston and located intermediate the opposite ends thereof, an abutment member disposed for engagement with said shoulders alternately in the movement of said piston, said abutment member being of varying width, and means for adjustably positioning said abutment member to present portions of diiferent width of said member for such engagement.

8. A pressure fluid actuated motor having, in combination, a motor body having a cylinder therein, a piston reversibly movable in said cylinder, means for directing pressure fluid alternately to opposite sides oi. said cylinder, said piston having a recess in one side thereof, means extending transversely of the piston axis into said recess and having oppositely facing surfaces thereon inclined with respect to the line of reciprocation of said piston, said piston having spaced shoulders complemental to said surfaces and defining the ends of said recess for engagement respectively with said surfaces to limit the stroke of said piston in each direction.

9. A pressure fluid actuated motor having, in combination, a motor body having a cylinder therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, means for directing pressure fluid alternately to opposite sides of said cylinder, said piston having a recess therein intermediate its ends and defining oppositely disposed shoulders inclined equally in degree and oppositely relative to the line of reciprocation of said piston, and a Wedge member extending transversely into said recess and having oppositely facing surfaces thereon complemental to said shoulders and adapted for engagement respectively by said shoulders upon movement of said piston in opposite directions to limit the stroke of said piston equally in each direction.

10. A pressure fluid actuated motor having, in combination, a motor body having a cylinder bore therein, an elongated piston reciprocated in said cylinder bore, means for conducting fluid pressure to opposite ends of said bore, said body having openings therein extending normally to and intersecting said cylinder bore secantly respectively at diametrically opposite sides thereof, a rotatable shaft in one of said openings, means for drivingly connecting said piston and shaft, a member slidably mounted in the other of said openings, said piston having a shoulder extending transversely of its line of movement, means adjustably movable with said member and having a surface disposed in the path of said shoulder to limit the stroke of said piston in one direction, and means for adjustably moving said member.

11. A pressure fluid actuated motor having, in combination, a motor body having a fluid cham ber therein, a pressure responsive member reversibly movable in said chamber, means for directing pressure fluid alternately to opposite sides of said chamber for effecting reversible movement of said member, said member having a recess therein defining oppositely disposed shoulders inclined equally in degree and oppositely relative to the path of movement of said member, and a wedge member extending transversely of said path of movement into said recess and having oppositely facing surfaces thereon complemental to said shoulders and adapted for engagement respectively by said shoulders upon movement of said member in opposite directions to limit the stroke of said member equally in each direction.

IRA J. SNADER. HAROLD N. SEYFERTH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Perry Apr. 18, 1944 

